Illuminator for directly providing dark field and bright field illumination

ABSTRACT

Imaging devices and illuminating devices are provided. In one exemplary implementation, an imaging device comprises an optical sensor and an illuminator. The illuminator comprises a support frame and a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) connected to the support frame. A first set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide dark field illumination at a high angle of incidence with respect to an object. The first set of LEDs is configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector. A second set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide bright field illumination at a low angle of incidence with respect to the object. The second set of LEDs is configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to imaging or sensing devices, such as barcode readers, and more particularly relates to illuminators for illuminating an object to be imaged or sensed.

BACKGROUND

Generally speaking, in order for barcode readers and barcode scanners to operate properly, it may be necessary in some situations that a code (e.g., a barcode) is well lit. When natural light is insufficient to properly illuminate an object, various types of illumination devices may be used in conjunction with the barcode readers and barcode scanners to light different types of barcodes. The type of illumination needed may be a factor of the type of surface on which the barcode is applied. Also, various objects may have different types of barcodes that may be applied in a number of different ways.

One type of code applied to an object is a direct part marking (DPM) code, which is a code that is permanently applied to the object. The DPM codes may be dot peen markings formed on the surface of the product or other types of permanent codes. To properly illuminate a DPM code, it may be necessary to light the code with dark field illumination, which is an illumination technique in which light is directed at a high angle of incidence on the surface of the object, or in other words, directed at a shallow angle with respect to the object's surface. The surface characteristics of a DPM or dot peen marking can be more easily deciphered by a barcode reader or barcode scanner when dark field illumination is applied.

Other surfaces, such as those that are non-reflective and include a flat profile, may instead be better deciphered when bright field illumination is applied. Bright field illumination includes light directed in a way such that the light is at a low angle of incidence with respect to the surface, or in other words, is directed in a substantially perpendicular direction with respect to the object's surface.

Therefore, a need exists for illuminators and other types of illumination devices for providing light directed in a manner that includes both dark field illumination and bright field illumination. Thus, optical imaging devices (e.g., barcode readers, barcode scanners, or other sensing devices) can more accurately decipher the barcodes and other types of codes.

SUMMARY

Accordingly, in one aspect, the present invention embraces imaging devices for sensing an object, such as barcode. The present invention also embraces illuminators and illumination devices that may be used with imaging device. The illuminators are configured to provide both dark field illumination and bright field illumination.

In an exemplary embodiment, an illuminator comprises a support frame and an optical diffuser connected to the support frame. The illuminator further comprises a first plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) connected to the support frame, wherein the first plurality of LEDs is configured to provide dark field illumination at a high angle of incidence with respect to an object. Also, the first plurality of LEDs is configured to provide illumination to the object without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector. The illuminator further comprises a second plurality of LEDs connected to the support frame. The second plurality of LEDs is configured to provide bright field illumination at a low angle of incidence with respect to the object and is configured to provide illumination to the object without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector. Furthermore, the illuminator includes a third plurality of LEDs connected to the support frame. The third plurality of LEDs is configured to provide bright field illumination through the optical diffuser without the use of a light pipe or reflector.

In yet another exemplary embodiment, an imaging device comprises an optical sensor and an illuminator. The illuminator includes a support frame and a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) connected to the support frame. A first set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide dark field illumination at a high angle of incidence with respect to an object. Also, the first set of LEDs is configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector. A second set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide bright field illumination at a low angle of incidence with respect to the object. This second set of LEDs is also configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector.

The foregoing illustrative summary, as well as other exemplary objectives and/or advantages of the invention, and the manner in which the same are accomplished, are further explained within the following detailed description and its accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 schematically depicts a perspective view of an illuminator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 schematically depicts an exploded view of the illuminator of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 schematically depicts a side view of the illuminator of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 schematically depicts an end view of the illuminator of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 schematically depicts a cross-sectional side view of the illuminator of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 schematically depicts a bottom view of the support frame shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 schematically depicts a bottom view of the optical diffuser according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 schematically depicts a bottom view of the optical diffuser according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 schematically depicts a side view of the rigid belt shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 schematically depicts a side view of the rigid belt shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 schematically depicts a cross-sectional side view of an imaging device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention embraces illuminators and other illumination devices for illuminating an object to be sensed. In some embodiments, the object may be a barcode or may be an item on which is barcode is applied. Since dark field illumination may be needed as some times while bright field illumination may be needed as other times, it may be desirable to provide a light source capable of providing both dark and bright field illumination to account for different objects and different scanning environments.

The present invention is also directed to illuminators that are able to provide sufficient illumination while minimizing the amount of energy needed to power the light elements. The light elements may include light emitting diodes (LEDs) or other types of lights. For example, the illuminators of the present disclosure may include fewer LEDs than other types of illuminators, but may provide dark field and bright field illumination that is comparable to more expensive, higher energy-consuming devices. One way that the present invention is able to maximize light distribution is by avoiding techniques that can reduce the brightness of light. For instance, the present invention does not use light pipes and reflectors. Also, many of the LEDs are able to direct light directly to the object to be sensed without diffusers, although some diffusers may be used in the present invention for diffusing some of the light.

FIG. 1 illustrates a view of an embodiment of an illuminator 10, shown in its complete form. Generally, the illuminator 10 includes a support frame 12, an optical diffuser 14, and a rigid belt 16. The support frame 12 is configured to support a plurality of LEDs, where some LEDs are configured for providing bright field illumination and other LEDs are configured for providing dark field illumination. The optical diffuser 14 is configured to diffuse light from some of the LEDs to achieve a diffused illumination pattern that can generally be considered as bright field illumination. The rigid belt 16 is configured to secure extended portions of the support frame 12 to form a complete framework, wherein this framework not only supports the LEDs in a stable orientation, but also is connected to the optical diffuser 14 to hold the body of the optical diffuser 14 in place. The rigid belt 16 also defines an open end 18 of the illuminator 10. The open end 18 may be positioned near an object to be sensed, such that light from multiple LEDs of the illuminator 10 is directed through the open end 18 to properly illuminate the object.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exploded view of the illuminator 10 of FIG. 1. In this view, the three main parts of the illuminator 10 (i.e., the support frame 12, optical diffuser 14, and rigid belt 16) are shown separated from each other.

As shown in FIG. 2, according to an exemplary embodiment, the support frame 12 of the illuminator 10 comprises a rigid plate 20 having an opening 22 formed in the middle of the rigid plate 20. The rigid plate 20 of the support frame 12 is configured to support a plurality of LEDs at the corners of the rigid plate 20. For example, LEDs 24, 26, and 28 are shown in FIG. 2 near three of the corners of the rigid plate 20, while a fourth LED 30, which is hidden from view in FIG. 2, is connected near a fourth corner of the rigid plate 20. The four LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30 are configured for illuminating an outside portion of the optical diffuser 14. Light is diffused through the optical diffuser 14 and is directed toward an object in the direction of the open end 18 of the illuminator 10.

Additional LEDs 32, 34 are also configured to be connected to the rigid plate 20 of the support frame 12. The LEDs 32, 34 are positioned more closely to the center of the rigid plate 20. In some embodiments, the LEDs 32, 34 may be positioned on opposite sides of the opening 22. In other embodiments, the LEDs may be positioned next to each other near the opening 22, as explained in more detail below with respect to FIG. 8.

The support frame 12 further comprises legs 42, 44, 46, 48, which extend from edges of the rigid plate 20. A first leg 42 extends from a front edge of the rigid plate 20, a second leg 44 extends from a back edge of the rigid plate 20, and third and fourth legs 46, 48 extend from opposite side edges of the rigid plate 20. According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the legs 42, 44, 46, 48 extend out from the edges and at an angle that is substantially perpendicular to a planar surface of the rigid plate 20. Accordingly, the legs 42, 44, 46, 48, along with the rigid plate 20, essentially form a cage around the optical diffuser 14.

In addition, the support frame 12 includes panels 52, 54, 56, 58, which are connected to the ends of the legs 42, 44, 46, 48, respectively. A front panel 52 is connected to the front leg 42, a back panel 54 is connected to the back leg 44, and side panels 56, 58 are connected to the side legs 46, 48, respectively.

In some embodiments, as depicted in FIG. 2, the front and back panels 52, 54 have a greater width than the side panels 56, 58. The greater width allows these panels 52, 54 to accommodate more LEDs than can be accommodated by the side panels 56, 58. For example, two LEDs 62 a, 62 b are connected to opposite ends of the front panel 52 and two LEDs 64 a, 64 b are connected to opposite ends of the back panel 54. Another LED 66 is connected to the left side panel 56 and yet another LED 68 is connected to the right side panel 58. Therefore, in this embodiment, there may be six LEDs 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b, 66, 68 connected to the four panels 52, 54, 56, 58.

The LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68 may be arranged at essentially the same height with respect to the overall construction of the illuminator 10. Also, the LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68 are angled at approximately 90 degrees with respect to the illumination orientation of the LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 connected to the rigid plate 20. The side-to-side light distribution of the LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68 provides dark field illumination near the open end 18 of the illuminator 10.

It should further be noted that light from the LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68, although at an angle, may shine directed on the surface of the object without any intervening light pipes, filters, diffusers, reflectors, or other elements. Thus, the efficiently of the light distribution in the present invention is not compromised by such light pipes, reflectors, and diffusers as would normally result with the use of conventional illuminators.

In some embodiments, the LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b, 66, 68 described above may instead be replaced with other types of lights. Preferably, however, the LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 62, 64, 66, 68 are tri-color LEDs, but in other embodiments, they may be single-color LEDs, dual-color LEDs, or a combination of single-color, dual-color, and tri-color LEDs.

Reference is now made to the optical diffuser 14 shown in the exploded view of FIG. 2. The optical diffuser 14 comprises a dome 70 having the shape of an ellipsoid. In some embodiments, the ellipsoidal dome 70 may have a spheroid shape. The dome 70 is a diffuser element, which may be constructed from a translucent material, such as plastic or other suitable substrate. Light from the LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30 is directed to the outer surface of the dome 70 and is diffused through the dome 70 to illuminate an object at the open end 18 of the illuminator 10 in a bright field illumination pattern.

The optical diffuser 14 also includes a front wall 72, back wall 74, left wall 76, and right wall 78, integrally formed with the dome 70. In some embodiments, the walls 72, 74, 76, 78 may comprise the same material as the dome 70. The walls 72, 74, 76, 78 include flat surfaces that may be connected, using any suitable adhesive or hardware elements, to the legs 42, 44, 46, 48, respectively.

An edge 80 of the optical diffuser 14 is formed at the bottom ends of the walls 72, 74, 76, 78. In the completed form of the illuminator 10, the edge 80 of the optical diffuser 14 may rest on a top edge of the rigid belt 16.

The optical diffuser 14 further comprises an alignment plate 82 formed at a top portion of the dome 70. The alignment plate 82 is inserted in the opening 22 of the rigid plate 20 to properly align the optical diffuser 14 with respect to the support frame 12. The dome 70 and alignment plate 82 include an opening (not shown in FIG. 2) through which an imaging sensor is inserted, the imaging sensor, for instance, being configured to optically sense the object being illuminated by the illuminator 10.

As is described in more detail below, the dome 70 further comprises apertures through which light from the LEDs 32, 34 may shine. In this way, LEDs 32, 34 can directly illuminate the object at the open end 18 of the illuminator 10 without any intervening elements, such as light pipes, reflectors, diffusers (e.g., the optical diffuser 14), or other elements. Thus, as explained above, the direct lighting technique of the present invention provides a more efficient way to illuminate an object. Again, a more efficient apparatus results in a reduction in energy required to power the illuminator 10, resulting in cost savings for the user.

Therefore, according to the description above, one implementation of the present invention may include the illuminator 10 comprising the support frame 12 and the optical diffuser 14 connected to the support frame 12. A first plurality of LEDs 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b, 66, 68 are connected to the support frame 12 and may be configured to provide dark field illumination at a high angle of incidence with respect to an object. The first plurality of LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68 is configured to provide illumination to the object without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector. A second plurality of LEDs 32, 34 are connected to the support frame 12 and may be configured to provide bright field illumination at a low angle of incidence with respect to the object. The second plurality of LEDs 32, 34 may be configured to provide illumination to the object without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector. Also, a third plurality of LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30 are connected to the support frame and may be configured to provide bright field illumination through the optical diffuser 14 without the use of a light pipe or reflector.

Furthermore, the above implementation may also be configured such with certain characteristics defining the support frame 12. For example, the support frame 12 may comprise the rigid plate 20, which may be configured to support the second and third pluralities of LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34. Also, the support frame 12 may further comprise a plurality of panels (e.g., panels 52, 54, 56, 58) configured to support the first plurality of LEDs 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b, 66, 68. Thus, six LEDs 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b, 66, 68 may be used for dark field illumination, while six other LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 may be used for bright field illumination. The support frame 12 may further comprise a plurality of legs (e.g., legs 42, 44, 46, 48), each connected at one of its end to the rigid plate 20 and extending from edges of the rigid plate 20 at an angle substantially perpendicular to a planar surface of the rigid plate 20. The panels 52, 54, 56, 58 may then be connected to the other ends the legs 42, 44, 46, 48, respectively.

Furthermore, the illuminator 10 may be configured such that the optical diffuser 14 comprises an ellipsoid-shaped diffusing element, which may be defined by at least the dome 70. The third plurality of LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30 may be configured to illuminate an outside surface of the ellipsoid-shaped diffusing element or dome 70. This diffused illumination may be provided in addition to a direct bright field illumination technique or as an alternative bright field illumination. Also, the diffused illumination arrangement can provide a uniform distribution of light within an area of reading and can provide light that is uniformly incident on the object surface from near hemisphere directions.

FIG. 3 shows a front side view of the illuminator 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 4 shows a left side view or end view of the illuminator 10. The side views help to depict the difference in widths of the front panel 52 versus the left panel 56 and also help to depict the ellipsoidal characteristics of the dome 70 and optical diffuser 14. It should be noted that other shapes, dimensions, ratios, etc. of other illuminators have been contemplated and are considered to be within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional side view of the illuminator 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2. In particular, a cross-section of the optical diffuser 14 is shown. The sides 76, 78 of the optical diffuser 14 are arranged next to the legs 46, 48, respectively, and may be connected to the legs 46, 48 in any suitable manners, such as with an adhesive material or by other means. The alignment plate 82 of the optical diffuser 14 is positioned in the opening 22 of the rigid plate 20.

The dome 70 and alignment plate 82 include an aperture 102. The aperture 102 is configured to enable an optical sensing device, such as a barcode scanner, to be positioned therein such that the optical sensing device can image, sense, scan, or read the object positioned near the open end 18 of the illuminator 10. In addition to a sensing device, the aperture 102 or other aperture may also allow an aiming light beam to pass through, wherein the light beam may be used as a reference for the user to aim the beam at a spot on the object where the sensor can sense.

Additionally, the dome 70 includes at least one opening 104 aligned substantially with the positioning of the LEDs 32, 34 on the rigid plate 20. The opening 104 does not significantly alter the characteristics of the outside surface of the dome 70 regarding the illumination of dome 70 by the corner LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30. Instead, the opening 104 merely allows a direct illumination path to the object without intermediate light pipes, diffusers, or reflectors.

FIG. 6 shows a bottom view of the support frame 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 with the optical diffuser 14 removed. For instance, FIG. 6 shows the underside of the rigid plate 20 with the opening 22 formed in the rigid plate 20. Also, an underside edge of the panels 52, 54, 56, 58 are shown from a perspective extending in a direction out of the page with respect to the surface of the rigid plate 20.

Also, the six LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34 for providing bright field illumination are shown attached to the underside of the rigid plate 20. To reiterate the above description, the four corner LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30 are used to illuminate the outer surface of the dome 70. The other two LEDs 32, 34 are used to shine directly onto the object without the use of a light pipe, reflector, or diffuser.

The inner LEDs 32, 34 may be positioned near the center of the rigid plate 20 near the centrally located opening 22. In some embodiments, one LED (e.g., LED 32) may be powered at one time while a bottom portion of an object is sensed. Thus, any light reflected off the object from the nearly perpendicular illumination from the LED 32 (located slightly above center) will not affect the sensing process for the bottom portion. Thereafter, the other LED (e.g., LED 34) may be powered while a top portion of the object is sensed. Reflection resulting from the other LED 34 (located slightly below center) will not affect the sensing process for the top portion. The two sensing procedures can be combined to create a complete image of the object, free from “hot spot” effects that can be introduced by the specular reflection off a polished or reflected surface of the object.

FIG. 7 depicts a bottom view of a first embodiment of the optical diffuser 14 when inserted in the support frame 12. In particular, the aperture 102 for accommodating a sensor is shown. Also, openings 104 and 106 in the dome 70 of the optical diffuser 14 are shown. The openings 104, 106 are positioned to allow light from the LEDs 32, 34, respectively, to shine directly onto the object with an illumination center aligned with a center portion of the open end 18 of the illuminator 10. As is shown in FIG. 7, the openings 104, 106 may be offset slightly from the position of the LEDs 32, 34 on the rigid plate 20 to allow the LEDs 32, 34 to shine at an angle through the openings 104, 106 toward the center portion with the illumination area wide enough to cover the required reading area.

FIG. 8 shows a bottom view of a second embodiment of the optical diffuser 14. The embodiment of FIG. 8 is similar to that of FIG. 7 except for the fact that a second opening 108 is positioned next to the opening 104. Also, instead of including LED 32, which is positioned on the opposite side of LED 34, as shown in FIGS. 2, 6, and 7, an LED 110 is shown oriented with respect to the second opening 108 on the same side as the opening 104 and LED 34.

This arrangement may be implemented in order to account for a sensing procedure where a sensing device (e.g., a handheld barcode scanner) might typically be oriented with a slightly upward tilt with respect to the object being sensed. This sensing procedure may be the result of a user unintentionally holding the sensor at an angle to aim the sensor toward a target that is in front of the user. The natural bend of the user's arm and hand when handling the scanner may result in a slightly upward tilt, thereby preventing the user (without some level of discomfort) from orienting the device in a manner that would be a completely perpendicular sensing arrangement. Therefore, illumination from the lower LEDs 34, 110 can be powered on at the same time in this embodiment, since reflection off the surface of the object will be sensed at a much lower position that is outside an effective sensing range.

The optical diffuser 14 may comprise a plurality of openings (e.g., openings 104, 106, 108) in the ellipsoid-shaped diffusing element (e.g., dome 70). The second plurality of LEDs 32, 34, 110, as mentioned above, may be configured to illuminate the object through the openings 104, 106, 108, respectively.

FIG. 9 shows a side view of a first embodiment of the rigid belt 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. LEDs 66 and 68 are shown in this view and are attached, as described above, to panels 56 and 58, respectively. Although not shown, LEDs 62 and 64 are likewise attached to panels 52 and 54. Attached to an outside surface of the lens of each of the LEDs 66, 68 are lens caps 126, 128. Similar lens caps (not shown) may be attached as well to LEDs 62 and 64. In some embodiments, the lens caps 126, 128 may have a cylindrical shape for directing light in a narrow path and for increasing light efficiency and uniformity.

In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the inner surface of the rigid belt 16 includes transparent sections. A left transparent section 136 is positioned next to the left lens cap 126 and a right transparent section 138 is positioned next to the right lens cap 128. Additionally, similar front and back transparent sections (not shown) may be positioned next to front and back lens caps (not shown) surrounding LEDs 62 and 64. The transparent sections (i.e., sections 136, 138, and those not shown) may have a constantly varying thickness, particularly at a location adjacent to the lens caps 126, 128 where light from the lens will normally be directed. The transparent sections 136, 138 can act as lenses to distribute light in an even manner across an object for uniform dark field illumination.

FIG. 10 illustrates a side view of a second embodiment of the rigid belt 16 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. The lens caps 126, 128 may be similar to those of the embodiment of FIG. 9. However, in the embodiment of FIG. 10, the rigid belt 16 may include transparent sections 146, 148 adjacent to lens caps 126, 128. Also, additional transparent sections (not shown) of the rigid belt 16 may be positioned adjacent to the front and back lens caps (not shown) corresponding to LEDs 62 and 64. The transparent sections (i.e., sections 146, 148, and those not shown) may have a thickness that varies in a non-constant manner with an aspherical or free-form surface arrangement.

Therefore, the rigid belt 16 connected to the plurality of panels 52, 54, 56, 58 may be defined as described above. The rigid belt 16 may be further comprise transparent elements (e.g., transparent sections 136, 138, 146, 148, etc.) configured to distribute light from the first plurality of LEDs 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b, 66, 68.

The illuminator 10 may comprise a plurality of caps or lens caps (e.g., lens caps 126, 128) at least partially surrounding lenses of the first plurality of LEDs 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b, 66, 68. Other caps or lens caps may be designed for at least partially surrounding the second plurality of LEDs 32, 34 and third plurality of LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30. For example, the lens caps (e.g., lens caps 126, 128) surrounding lenses of the first plurality of LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68 may include a cylindrical shape. The cylindrical shape may help to increase light efficiency and uniformity of the LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68. The caps at least partially surrounding lenses of the second plurality of LEDs 32, 34 may include an aspherical shape, which may help to achieve a desirable light distribution. Caps at least partially surrounding lenses of the third plurality of LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30 may include a highly aspherical shape, which may help to create a desirable light distribution, such as a batwing-shaped distribution.

FIG. 11 depicts a cross-sectional side view of an embodiment of an imaging device 160. The imaging device 160 may comprise a sensor (e.g., a barcode reader) 162 and an illuminator (e.g., illuminator 10 described with respect to FIGS. 1-10). The sensor 162 may include a lens or sensing element that is inserted in the aperture 102 of the optical diffuser 14, thus allowing the sensor 162 to view and sense an object 166 unobstructed. In use, the imaging device 160 can be brought near the object 166 (or vice versa). In some instances, the object 166 may include markings 168, such direct part markings (DPM), dot peen marks, etc. For example, the markings 168 may be raised or textured markings that may best be illuminated by dark field illumination.

Therefore, according to the various embodiments described above, the present invention may be directed to the imaging device 160, which comprises an optical sensor (e.g., sensor 162) and an illuminator (e.g., illuminator 10). The optical sensor may be configured as the sensor 162 or another sensing device and the illuminator may be configured as the illuminator 10 or another illuminating device. In this embodiment, the illuminator 10 may also comprise the support frame 12 and a plurality of LEDs (e.g., any of LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 62, 64, 66, 68, 110) connected to the support frame 12. A first set of LEDs (e.g., LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68) of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide dark field illumination at a high angle of incidence with respect to the object 166. The first set of LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68 may be configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector. A second set of LEDs (e.g., LEDs 32, 34, or alternatively LEDs 34 and 110) of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide bright field illumination at a low angle of incidence with respect to the object 166. The second set of LEDs 32, 34, 110 may be configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector.

In addition, the imaging device 160 may be configured such that the illuminator 10 further comprises an ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser (e.g., optical diffuser 14) connected to the support frame 12. The ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser may comprise an aperture (e.g., aperture 102) through which the optical sensor 162 is configured to optically sense the object 166. Also, the ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser 14 may comprise a plurality of openings (e.g., openings 104, 106, 108) through which the second set of LEDs 32, 34, 110 directly illuminates the object 166.

The illuminator 10 of the imaging device 160 may further include a third set of LEDs (e.g., LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30) of the plurality of LEDs. This third set of LEDs may be configured to illuminate an outside surface of the ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser 14 to provide bright field illumination to the object 166 without the use of a light pipe or reflector. The illuminator 10 further comprises a plurality of caps positioned adjacent to the first, second, and third sets of LEDs. Caps positioned adjacent to the first set of LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68 include a cylindrical shape to increase light efficiency and uniformity. Caps positioned adjacent to the second set of LEDs 32, 34, 110 include an aspherical shape to achieve a desirable light distribution. Caps positioned adjacent to the third set of LEDs 24, 26, 28, 30 include a highly aspherical shape to create, for example, a batwing-shape light distribution.

The imaging device 160 may further be configured such that the support frame 12 of the illuminator 10 may comprise the rigid plate 20 and the plurality of panels 52, 54, 56, 58. The panels 52, 54, 56, 58 may be arranged substantially perpendicular to a planar surface of the rigid plate 20. The panels 52, 54, 56, 58 may be configured to support the first set of LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68, respectively, and the rigid plate 20 may be configured to support the second and third sets of LEDs. The illuminator 10 may further comprise the above-described rigid belt 16, which may be configured to be connected to the plurality of panels 52, 54, 56, 58. The rigid belt 16 may comprise transparent elements (e.g., transparent sections 136, 138, 146, 148, and other sections corresponding to the front and back LEDs 62 a, 62 b, 64 a, 64 b). These transparent elements may be configured to distribute light from the first set of LEDs 62, 64, 66, 68.

According to some embodiments, the illuminator 10 may further comprise a transparent screen (not shown) positioned on or near a bottom edge of the rigid belt 16 at the open end 18 of the illuminator 10. The transparent screen may be used to protect the internal components from the environment. Also, the transparent screen, in some embodiments, may include light refracting properly to enhance the distribution of light to the object. For implementations without the protective transparent screen, other similar transparent screens can be arranged with several small clear windows to seal the apertures/openings 102, 104, 106, 108 on the underside of the optical diffuser 14.

To supplement the present disclosure, this application incorporates entirely by reference the following commonly assigned patents, patent application publications, and patent applications:

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In the specification and/or figures, typical embodiments of the invention have been disclosed. The present invention is not limited to such exemplary embodiments. The use of the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The figures are schematic representations and so are not necessarily drawn to scale. Unless otherwise noted, specific terms have been used in a generic and descriptive sense and not for purposes of limitation. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. An illuminator comprising: a support frame; an optical diffuser connected to the support frame; a first plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) connected to the support frame, the first plurality of LEDs configured to provide dark field illumination at a high angle of incidence with respect to an object, the first plurality of LEDs further configured to provide illumination to the object without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector; a second plurality of LEDs connected to the support frame, the second plurality of LEDs configured to provide bright field illumination at a low angle of incidence with respect to the object, the second plurality of LEDs further configured to provide illumination to the object without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector; and a third plurality of LEDs connected to the support frame, the third plurality of LEDs configured to provide bright field illumination through the optical diffuser without the use of a light pipe or reflector.
 2. The illuminator of claim 1, wherein the support frame comprises a rigid plate configured to support the second and third pluralities of LEDs.
 3. The illuminator of claim 2, wherein the support frame further comprises a plurality of panels configured to support the first plurality of LEDs.
 4. The illuminator of claim 3, wherein the support frame further comprises a plurality of legs extending from edges of the rigid plate at an angle substantially perpendicular to a planar surface of the rigid plate, and wherein the panels are connected to ends of the legs.
 5. The illuminator of claim 4, further comprising a rigid belt configured to be connected to the plurality of panels, wherein the rigid belt comprises transparent elements configured to distribute light from the first plurality of LEDs.
 6. The illuminator of claim 1, wherein the optical diffuser comprises an ellipsoid-shaped diffusing element.
 7. The illuminator of claim 6, wherein the third plurality of LEDs is configured to illuminate an outside surface of the ellipsoid-shaped diffusing element to provide the bright field illumination to the object.
 8. The illuminator of claim 6, wherein the optical diffuser comprises a plurality of openings in the ellipsoid-shaped diffusing element, and wherein the second plurality of LEDs is configured to illuminate the object through the openings.
 9. The illuminator of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of caps at least partially surrounding lenses of the first, second, and third pluralities of LEDs.
 10. The illuminator of claim 9, wherein caps at least partially surrounding lenses of the first plurality of LEDs include a cylindrical shape, caps at least partially surrounding lenses of the second plurality of LEDs include an aspherical shape, and caps at least partially surrounding lenses of the third plurality of LEDs include a wing shape.
 11. The illuminator of claim 1, wherein each LED of the first, second, and third pluralities of LEDs is a single-color, dual-color, or tri-color LED.
 12. An imaging device comprising: an optical sensor; and an illuminator comprising a support frame and a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs) connected to the support frame; wherein a first set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide dark field illumination at a high angle of incidence with respect to an object, the first set of LEDs further configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector; and wherein a second set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs is configured to provide bright field illumination at a low angle of incidence with respect to the object, the second set of LEDs further configured to provide illumination without the use of a light pipe, diffuser, or reflector.
 13. The imaging device of claim 12, wherein the illuminator further comprises an ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser connected to the support frame.
 14. The imaging device of claim 13, wherein the ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser comprises an aperture through which the optical sensor is configured to optically sense the object.
 15. The imaging device of claim 13, wherein the ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser comprises a plurality of openings through which the second set of LEDs directly illuminates the object.
 16. The imaging device of claim 13, wherein a third set of LEDs of the plurality of LEDs is configured to illuminate an outside surface of the ellipsoidal-shaped diffuser to provide bright field illumination to the object without the use of a light pipe or reflector.
 17. The imaging device of claim 16, wherein the illuminator further comprises a plurality of caps positioned adjacent to the first, second, and third sets of LEDs, wherein caps positioned adjacent to the first set of LEDs include a cylindrical shape to increase light efficiency and uniformity, caps positioned adjacent to the second set of LEDs include an aspherical shape to achieve uniform light distribution, and caps positioned adjacent to the third set of LEDs include a highly aspherical shape to create a batwing shape light distribution.
 18. The imaging device of claim 12, wherein the support frame of the illuminator comprises a rigid plate and a plurality of panels, wherein the panels are arranged substantially perpendicular to a planar surface of the rigid plate.
 19. The imaging device of claim 18, wherein the panels are configured to support the first set of LEDs and the rigid plate is configured to support the second set of LEDs.
 20. The imaging device of claim 19, wherein the illuminator further comprises a rigid belt configured to be connected to the plurality of panels, wherein the rigid belt comprises transparent elements configured to distribute light from the first set of LEDs. 